Loan liya, EMI schedule fix ki, aur fir ek mahina ya do EMI miss ho gayi. Ab question ye hai – bank turant case file karegi ya time deti hai? Is article me hum step by step dekhte hain, practical timeline ke saath.
Step 1 – Grace Period
Jab EMI due hoti hai, bank usually 5 se 15 din ka grace period deti hai. Is period me interest lagta hai, par immediate legal action nahi hoti.
Ye period bank policy aur loan type pe depend karta hai. Personal loan, home loan, aur auto loan ke terms thoda alag ho sakte hain.
Step 2 – Reminder & Late Fee
Grace period ke baad, bank reminders bhejna start kar deti hai. SMS, call, email – sab channels use hote hain.
Saath hi late fee bhi add ho jata hai. Generally, 1% se 3% per month extra charge.
Step 3 – 30-60 Din – Warning Letters
Agar EMI miss 30-60 din ho jati hai, to bank warning letters bhejti hai.
Ye letters legal notice ke liye preparation hote hain. Bank ke system me account delinquent category me aa jata hai.
Step 4 – 90 Din – Serious Recovery Start
Agar 90 din tak EMI unpaid hai, to bank seriously recovery start karti hai.
- Internal recovery team call aur visit kar sakti hai.
- Collections agency involve ho sakti hai.
- CIBIL report me 90+ days delinquency mark ho jata hai.
Step 5 – 180 Din (6 Mahine) – Legal Notice
Mostly banks 6 mahine ke delay ke baad formal legal notice bhejti hai. Ye last warning hoti hai.
Notice me mentioned hota hai – agar payment nahi hua, to court me case file hoga aur property attach ho sakti hai (agar secured loan).
Step 6 – Case Filing & Legal Recovery
Agar borrower fir bhi EMI nahi pay karta, to bank case file karti hai.
Secured loans (home, gold, car) me collateral seize ho sakta hai. Unsecured loans (personal, credit card) me court ke through salary attach, bank account freeze ya asset seizure hota hai.
Practical Example – Personal Loan
Amit ne personal loan liya 2 lakh ka. EMI due 15th of every month. First EMI miss – 10 din grace period. SMS call reminder. Second EMI miss – 30 din me late fee added, reminder call. Third EMI miss – 60 din me warning letter. Fourth EMI miss – 90 din, recovery agency involve. Sixth EMI miss – 180 din, legal notice bheja.
CIBIL score is time 450 ke aas paas aa gaya. Bank ne settlement option offer kiya, nahi to legal case file karne ka plan tha.
Key Points Samajh Lo
- Bank turant legal action nahi leti, usually 6 mahine ka window hota hai.
- Grace period aur late fee ka time hota hai, recovery process step by step hota hai.
- 90+ days delinquency se CIBIL score damage start ho jata hai.
- Secured vs unsecured loans ke process me difference hai.
- Communication aur negotiation se settlement aur repayment possible hai.
Tips – EMI Miss Hone Par Damage Kam Kaise Kare
- EMI miss hoti hi bank ko inform karo aur reason batao.
- Partial payment ya delay request kar sakte ho.
- Settlement ka option tabhi consider karo jab repayment difficult ho.
- Do EMI miss ke baad proactive approach – negotiation better than waiting for legal notice.
- CIBIL repair ka plan follow karo, new loan ya credit card apply karne se pehle.
Conclusion
EMI miss hone ka matlab immediate legal action nahi. Bank step by step process follow karti hai – grace period, reminder, warning, legal notice, phir court case.
Sabse important – communication, proactive repayment plan aur disciplined approach. Aise aap legal headache aur CIBIL damage dono avoid kar sakte ho.